Essay on Yoruba Art and Culture - 702 Words

?Any work of art owes its existence to the people and culture from which it has emerged. It has a functional and historical relationship with that culture.? Michael W. Conner, PhD# Staffs are carried and danced with by priestesses and priest in the Sango cult, dedicated to Sango, the Yoruba deity of thunder and lighting. The female figure represents a worshiper of Shango. The majority of the Yoruba people live on the west coast of Africa in Nigeria, but can also be found in many other places, as they are one of the largest cultural classifications in Africa. There are approximately 40 million Yoruba world-wide. As a matter of fact, most of the slaves brought to America were Yoruban, and descendants of their tribes can be found†¦show more content†¦Divination trays, staffs, stools, dance wands, and many other sacred objects are carved out of wood. The men in particular are responsible for woodcarving, utilizing the axe, the adze, the chisel, and the knife. The inspiration, impetus and objective for each piece is what will determine the style and form of art that is being created by each individual. Although the art forms created by the Yoruba are use d to decorate and to affirm their social standing,, Their art is also deeply rooted with their spiritual commitment, especially where the art is used as part of a ritual or as a means of communicating with their Gods. There are over 400 deities that are worshipped by the Yoruba, which are called Orisas. Certain Gods are worshiped by every Yoruban, but there are specific Gods that are worshiped individually by certain families or even towns. Every Yoruban makes regular offerings to the gods that they do worship. One particular God, Sango, resides in the sky. He is the God of Thunder and he is responsible for producing the lightening bolts and thunder that comes to the earth. It is the belief of the Yoruba that If he is offended or angered, he sends bolts of lightening to the ground to ignite the offender?s house, or even to strike and kill them dead. Although every worshipper of the God Sango, the thunder god, owns a carved wand as a personal shrine, it mayShow MoreRelatedEssay about The Cultural Art of Body Art1084 Words   |  5 PagesFor a long time now body art and decoration has been a custom in many cultural groups. Through research we have learned about the different types of body art and ornamentation such as permanent and nonpermanent tattooing, scarification, and piercings. These forms of body art and ornamentation are done for a variety of reasons, ranging from identification purposes to religious rituals. â€Å"Skin, as a visible way of defining individual identity and cultural difference, is not only a highly elaboratedRead MoreThe Yoruba People: Culture, History and Daily Life1422 Words   |  6 PagesThe Yoruba People of Nigeria Among the many tribes found in Africa, the Yoruba People of Nigeria are among the most popular and well known. The Yoruba are the tribe that many Africans confess that their family roots started from and therefore follow the religion and culture of the Yoruba. These people are indigenous to the Southwestern parts of Nigeria and Benin. 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Alcohol Is The World’S Fifth Leading Risk Factor For Social

Alcohol is the world’s fifth leading risk factor for social and public health problems around the world[1, 2]ï ¼â€º however, alcohol drinking has still been intensively increasing among adolescents[3, 4]. Drinking habits are highly socially modeled, while social relationships influence an individual s drinking at all ages. The social pressured by family, friends, and acquaintances can motivate either drink more or less[5]. It is worth noting that almost every event of the daily lives is marked with some kinds of festive rituals at which alcohol is served culturally and practically[6-8]. Some researchers found that children learn to drink early in Zambia by drinking small quantities when they are sent to buy alcohol; children in France, Italy,†¦show more content†¦Four motives of drinking, which are an enhancement, coping, socialization, and conformity motive, have been categorized by scholars and experts in the studies of behavioral drinking[13-15]. The enhancement m otive is a drinking to increase positive outcomes or to experience pleasant feeling[16], whereas coping motive represents a drinking to mitigate negative emotions such as to forget one’s problems[13]. Both enhancement and coping motives are associated with heavy drinking and alcohol-related problems[17]. The social motive or socialization is a drinking for the favorable social rewards such as enjoying a party, making more friends and building new relationships[17, 18]. Lastly, when ones are invited or pressured to drink by friends or social groups; it is called conformity motive or drinking to avoid social disposal[14]. Conformity motives have a strong relation to the cultural settings, particularly in some cultures such as Japan, China, and Cambodia. In these countries, the independent and interdependent cultural models have various influences on emotional, motivational, and cognitive processes[19]. In Japan, giri is a key understanding of social obligations which is defined as moral principles; the rules one has to obey to maintain social relationships and to avoidShow MoreRelatedHiv / Aids : A Growing Problem Among American Indians And Alaska1731 Words   |  7 Pagesneedles/equipments with an affected person. The risk factors are indistinguishable for everyone; some racial/ethnic groups are more affected than others, given their percentage of the populace. HIV/AIDs are a growing problem among American Indians and Alaska Natives (CDC). Some groups have higher rates of HIV in their communities, hence the rising of the new infections with each sexual or drug use encounter (CDC). 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Iran Country Assessment Free Essays

The Islamic Republic of Iran is a country governed by a regime that began with a revolution headed by Ayatollah Khomeini over two decades ago. Khomeini was the first to label the United States as the ‘Great Satan. ’ Although the Iranian government denies it, terrorism has been actively supported, both materially and morally, for years by Iran and Iran supports efforts damaging to the U. We will write a custom essay sample on Iran Country Assessment or any similar topic only for you Order Now S. If the more extreme elements in Iran continue to hold power and arm themselves with nuclear weapons, the international repercussions would be far-reaching. Understanding of Iran is important for members of the U. S. Armed Forces in order to comprehend the scope of Iran’s extremist’s leanings. On the other hand, many of Iran’s citizens love the United States and are resentful of Iran’s oppressive regime. The anti democracy and hindrance of personal liberty have taken a large toll on the Iranian youth. Iran’s younger generation has put forth a lot of resistance against this oppressive regime. Over two thirds of Iran’s population is under the age of 30, which is good from an operational standpoint. This massive amount of young people generally feels that there is hope to moderate if not remove the oppressive regime. Recently a few young Iranians have been frustrated to the point of actively demonstrating against the regime. It is also important to mention many younger Iranians want improved relations with the United States. Most urban Iranians have access to the Internet and satellite television and are able to compare their standard of living with that of the United States and Western Europe. The Kurdish people believe that they are a nation in itself that are deserving of a sovereign homeland. After the formation of the Islamic Republic of Iran, many Kurdish sided with the Iranian leftist and protested against Ayatollah Khomeini and his regime. In 1979, the Kurdish formed a rebellion, which ended with thousands of Kurdish dead. Shortly after this, Khomeini centered his power and banded Kurds from serving in government office and greatly enforced freedom of expression. The Party of Free Life of Kurdistan is a militant group that is based out of Iraq but has been consistently performing operations in Iran. Iran has prepared to conduct military action against the group and has moved a large portion of Iran’s military to Kurdistan to hinder the uprising of the militant group. The Party of Free Life of Kurdistan would be a great asset to possible future operation in Kurdistan. The party is semi supportive of the United States but will most likely be more than willing to help in U. S operations in Iran due to their long-term goal of destroying the regime. Iran is a tough operational problem set due to their advanced military and technical power. Operations in Iran should be focused on using the people of Iran to include the youth and Kurdish people. Intelligence operations would be better suited for using Iran’s youth because they are more supportive of the Untied States and have the ability to work in Iran’s government and military. The Kurdish are not trusted in the government and would not be able to provide accurate intelligence. Operations should be held out of North East Iraq due to the likelihood of Iraq cooperating with the United States during operations. Iraq has a large portion of Kurdistan and it would be easy to work with the Kurds right out of Iraq. Iran and Iraq have a long history of war which only furthers Iraqs likelihood of helping the U. S. Iran is a very dynamic and technologically advanced country, which presents many intelligence issues. The help of Kurdistan, Iranian youth and Iraq would greatly increase the likelihood of operational success in Iran. How to cite Iran Country Assessment, Essay examples